ACEP Clinical Policy — Acute Agitation Management in the ED (2023)

The ACEP 2023 Clinical Policy on management of acute agitation in the emergency department provides evidence-based, safety-focused guidance on pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for acute agitation. Acute undifferentiated agitation in the ED requires rapid assessment, de-escalation attempts, and — when chemical sedation is needed — evidence-based medication selection minimizing respiratory complications. The policy covers: droperidol, haloperidol, ketamine, benzodiazepines, and the emerging role of dexmedetomidine for acute agitation management across different etiologies (toxicological, psychiatric, medical, alcohol).