Comprehensive review of epidemiology, treatment options, and recurrence
Landmark trials
Antibiotic evidence for skin abscesses
Daum RS, Miller LG, Immergluck L, et al.
A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Antibiotics for Smaller Skin Abscesses
New England Journal of Medicine. 2017
TMP-SMX reduces treatment failure for skin abscesses including pilonidal
Needle aspiration alternative
Hussain ZI, Aghahoseini A, Alexander D
Converting Emergency Pilonidal Abscess Into an Elective Procedure
Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 2012
95% success rate converting emergency to elective procedure
Cochrane reviews and systematic reviews
Wound management evidence
Herrod PJ, Doleman B, Hardy EJ, et al.
Dressings and Topical Agents for the Management of Open Wounds After Surgical Treatment for Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal Sinus
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2022
Cai Z, Zhao Z, Ma Q, et al.
Midline and Off-Midline Wound Closure Methods After Surgical Treatment for Pilonidal Sinus
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2024
Off-midline closure superior to midline for recurrence reduction
Recent publications
Surgical Clinics of North America review
O'Guinn ML, Nguyen ML, Raman S, Lin M
Pilonidal Disease
Surgical Clinics of North America. 2026
Minimally invasive techniques
Ouali M, Martin-Martin GP, Avdicausevic S, et al.
International Society of Laser Proctology Position Paper on SiLaC and EPSiT/SiLaC in the Management of Pilonidal Sinus Disease
Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 2025
Abscess management review
Menegas S, Moayedi S, Torres M
Abscess Management: An Evidence-Based Review for Emergency Medicine Clinicians
Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2021
Mersal M, Embaby O, Ayyad M, et al.
Beyond the Knife: A Contemporary Review of Subcutaneous Abscesses
ANZ Journal of Surgery. 2025
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