Approach to the Critical Patient

Immediate priorities

Initial stabilization

Key decision points

Triage and escalation triggers

Monitoring and targets

Early monitoring bundle

History

Event details

Submersion and rescue timeline

Context and exposures

Environment and risk context

Predisposing conditions

Medical contributors

Physical Exam

Primary survey findings

Critical exam domains

Focused exam and complications

Complication screening

Differential Diagnosis

Life threats and mimics

Critical differentials

Coding and terminology

Standardized terms

Laboratory Tests

Core labs

Initial laboratory bundle

Targeted labs

Conditional testing

Microbiology and infection approach

Infection evaluation framework

Diagnostic Tests

Scoring Systems

Severity stratification tools

MRI

Neuroimaging considerations

CT

CT imaging indications

Ultrasound (or US)

Point of care ultrasound

Disposition

Observation versus admission

Disposition pathways

Transfer and consultation

Consultation triggers

Treatment

Resuscitation and oxygenation

Oxygenation strategy

Ventilation and airway procedures

Airway management

Circulation and shock

Hemodynamic support

Bronchospasm and pulmonary care

Pulmonary adjuncts

Aspiration and antibiotics

Infection management

Hypothermia and rewarming

Rewarming strategy

Seizures and agitation

Neurologic management

Special Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy considerations

Geriatric

Older adult considerations

Pediatrics

Pediatric considerations

Background

Epidemiology

Population impact

Pathophysiology

Mechanisms

Therapeutic Considerations

Evidence informed principles

Patient Discharge Instructions

copy discharge instructions

Discharge instructions for post drowning evaluation

References

Clinical guidelines and evidence

Core sources

SymptomDx is an educational tool for medical professionals. It does not replace clinical judgment. Verify all clinical data and drug dosages with authoritative sources.