Eczema (acute flare)MANAGEMENT

SYSTEMIC AND MISCELLANEOUS PRESENTATIONS · 12 SECTIONS

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763 items

☷ Legend

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Cardiovascular Presentations66▾

Respiratory Presentations47▾

Neurological Presentations77▾

Gastrointestinal Presentations63▾

Genitourinary and Reproductive Presentations44▾

Infectious Disease Presentations146▾

Trauma Presentations88▾

Toxicologic Presentations67▾

Psychiatric Presentations25▾

Musculoskeletal and Rheumatologic Presentations89▾

Dermatology Presentations21▾

Environmental and Exposure Presentations26▾

Hematologic and Oncologic Presentations30▾

Pediatric-Specific Presentations13▾

Endocrine and Metabolic Presentations42▾

ENT and Maxillofacial Presentations21▾

Ophthalmologic Presentations15▾

Obstetric Presentations17▾

Systemic and Miscellaneous Presentations15▾

Allergic Transfusion Reaction Anaphylaxis Angioedema Benedikt's Syndrome Cannabis-induced hyperemesis Eczema (acute flare)Gradenigo's Syndrome Horner's Syndrome (Acute)Huntington's Disease (Acute Presentation)Kanavel's Signs Lemierre's Syndrome Radiation exposure Retained products of conception Sever's Disease Urticaria

01Approach to the Critical Patient/attcp94

Immediate triage

›Red flags and exclusions

›Toxic appearance

›Hypotension

›Altered mental status

›Rapidly progressive erythema

›Severe pain out of proportion

›Crepitus

›Fever with extensive skin involvement

›Concern for cellulitis

›Concern for necrotizing infection

›Mucosal involvement

›Concern for SJS TEN

›Concern for pemphigus spectrum

›Vesicles with punched-out erosions

›Concern for eczema herpeticum

›Ocular involvement risk

›Periorbital edema with erythema

›Concern for orbital cellulitis

›Urgent specialty evaluation trigger

›Extensive weeping crusting

›Concern for impetiginized eczema

›Bacteremia risk if severe

›Severity snapshot

›Body surface area estimate

›Localized

›Widespread

›Sleep disruption

›Night waking from pruritus

›Daytime functional impairment

›Systemic symptoms

›Fever

›Rigors

›Treatment failure

›No response to appropriate topical steroid course

›Frequent relapses

›Immediate symptom control priorities

›Pruritus control

›Non-sedating approach daytime

›Sedating option only if sleep severely impaired

›Barrier repair

›Emollient initiation same visit

›Wet wrap strategy when indicated

›Infection screening

›Impetigo signs

›Herpetic signs

Stabilization and escalation triggers

›Escalation criteria

›If suspected eczema herpeticum, initiate antiviral therapy without delay

›Ophthalmology if periorbital lesions

›Admission if systemic symptoms or extensive disease

›If concern for necrotizing infection, immediate surgical consultation

›Broad-spectrum IV antibiotics per local protocol

›CT with contrast if stable and does not delay source control

›If concern for SJS TEN, immediate burn unit or ICU pathway

›Stop culprit medication

›Supportive care escalation

›If anaphylaxis or airway angioedema, anaphylaxis protocol

›Epinephrine IM

›Airway readiness

Key concepts

›Acute flare framework

›Barrier dysfunction

›Increased transepidermal water loss

›Increased irritant and allergen penetration

›Type 2 inflammation predominance in atopic dermatitis

›IL-4 IL-13 pathways

›Pruritus neuroimmune signaling

›Itch scratch cycle amplification

›Excoriations and lichenification

›Secondary infection risk

›Treatment pillars

›Anti-inflammatory topical therapy

›Topical corticosteroids by potency and site

›Steroid-sparing immunomodulators

›Intensive moisturization

›Ointment preferred during flares

›Frequent reapplication

›Trigger mitigation

›Irritants and allergens

›Infection and colonization

PITFALLS

›Common errors

›Under-potency topical steroid for thickness and site

›Persistent flare mislabeled as refractory disease

›Escalation to systemic steroids unnecessarily

›Overuse of systemic corticosteroids

›Rebound flare risk

›Infection risk

›Missing scabies

›Household spread

›Treatment failure despite steroids

›Missing eczema herpeticum

›Delay in antiviral therapy

›Ocular complications

›Mislabeling contact dermatitis as atopic flare

›Ongoing exposure drives recurrence

›Patch testing needed outpatient

02History/hx83

Symptom pattern and triggers

›Flare characterization

›Time course

›Hours to days

›Weeks

›Primary symptom predominance

›Pruritus predominant

›Pain predominant

›Distribution pattern

›Flexural predominance

›Face and eyelids

›Hands

›Trunk coin-shaped plaques

›Sleep impact

›Night waking

›Daytime fatigue

›Trigger inventory

›Irritants

›Frequent handwashing

›Sanitizers

›Soaps and detergents

›Allergens

›New cosmetics

›Fragrances

›Topical antibiotics

›Environmental

›Cold dry air

›Sweating and heat

›Infection

›Recent viral illness

›Household skin infections

›Medication exposures

›New topical products

›New systemic medications

Atopic and medical context

›Atopic history

›Childhood eczema

›Prior severity and sites

›Prior complications

›Asthma

›Current control

›Recent exacerbations

›Allergic rhinitis

›Seasonal pattern

›Treatment use

›Immunocompromise

›HIV

›Recent opportunistic infections

›ART status

›Transplant

›Immunosuppressants

›Infection history

›Biologic or JAK inhibitor use

›Current agent

›Last dose timing

›Prior treatments and response

›Topical corticosteroid potency used

›Site matching

›Duration and adherence

›Emollient type and frequency

›Ointment versus cream

›Daily amount

›Calcineurin inhibitor use

›Burning intolerance

›Adherence

›Antibiotic or antiviral prior courses

›Indication

›Response

Infection focused history

›Bacterial superinfection clues

›Honey-colored crust

›Local tenderness

›Regional lymphadenopathy

›Purulence

›Abscess concern

›MRSA risk

›Herpetic infection clues

›Monomorphic vesicles

›Rapid spread

›Pain more than itch

›Fever and malaise

›Systemic involvement

›Dehydration risk

›Eye symptoms

›Photophobia

›Vision change

03Physical Exam/exam60

Skin exam

›Morphology and severity

›Erythematous eczematous plaques

›Scale

›Lichenification

›Excoriations

›Bleeding points

›Secondary crusting

›Weeping and oozing

›Impetiginization concern

›Wet wrap suitability

›Fissures

›Hands and feet

›Pain and infection entry points

›Vesicles or punched-out erosions

›Eczema herpeticum concern

›Urgent antiviral trigger

›Distribution pattern

›Flexural surfaces

›Antecubital fossae

›Popliteal fossae

›Face and eyelids

›Periorbital edema

›Blepharitis

›Hands

›Palmar involvement

›Occupational pattern

›Trunk and extremities

›Nummular plaques

›Generalized erythroderma

Systemic assessment

›Vitals

›Fever

›Infection evaluation trigger

›Admission consideration

›Tachycardia

›Dehydration

›Systemic infection

›Hydration status

›Dry mucous membranes

›Poor intake from pruritus

›Pediatric risk

›Capillary refill

›Hypovolemia screening

›Sepsis screening if abnormal

›Lymph nodes

›Tender regional lymphadenopathy

›Bacterial infection support

›Consider culture and antibiotics

PITFALLS

›Look-alikes on exam

›Burrows and interdigital papules

›Scabies

›Household evaluation

›Annular plaques with central clearing

›Tinea corporis

›Steroid modified tinea risk

›Thick silvery scale plaques

›Psoriasis

›Nail pitting clue

›Greasy scale in seborrheic areas

›Seborrheic dermatitis

›Scalp and nasolabial folds

04Differential Diagnosis/ddx58

Eczematous and inflammatory dermatoses

›Eczema spectrum

›Atopic dermatitis acute flare ICD-10 L20.9

›Flexural distribution

›Chronic relapsing history

›Allergic contact dermatitis ICD-10 L23.9

›Sharp borders

›New exposure correlation

›Irritant contact dermatitis ICD-10 L24.9

›Hands predominant

›Occupational exposure

›Nummular dermatitis ICD-10 L30.0

›Coin-shaped plaques

›Trunk and extremities

›Dyshidrotic eczema ICD-10 L30.1

›Vesicles on palms and soles

›Stress and sweating association

›Psoriasiform dermatoses

›Psoriasis vulgaris ICD-10 L40.0

›Extensor plaques

›Nail pitting

›Seborrheic dermatitis ICD-10 L21.9

›Greasy scale

›Seborrheic distribution

Infectious mimics and complications

›Bacterial

›Impetigo ICD-10 L01.00

›Honey-colored crust

›Local contagion

›Cellulitis ICD-10 L03.90

›Expanding warmth and tenderness

›Systemic symptoms

›Abscess ICD-10 L02.91

›Fluctuance

›Purulence

›Viral

›Eczema herpeticum ICD-10 B00.0 with dermatitis

›Monomorphic vesicles

›Punched-out erosions

›Varicella zoster

›Dermatomal pain

›Grouped vesicles

›Fungal and parasitic

›Tinea corporis ICD-10 B35.4

›Annular lesions

›Peripheral scale

›Scabies ICD-10 B86

›Burrows

›Household pruritus

High-risk exclusions

›Severe cutaneous adverse reactions

›Stevens-Johnson syndrome toxic epidermal necrolysis spectrum

›Mucosal involvement

›Targetoid lesions and skin pain

›Autoimmune blistering disorders

›Bullous pemphigoid

›Tense bullae

›Older age predominance

›Pemphigus vulgaris

›Flaccid bullae

›Mucosal erosions

05Laboratory Tests/lt35

No routine labs for uncomplicated flare

›Lab strategy

›No routine testing for typical localized flare

›Diagnosis primarily clinical

›Management driven by morphology and severity

›Labs only if systemic illness or severe widespread disease

›Fever

›Erythroderma

›When systemic signs present

›Complete blood count

›Leukocytosis supports bacterial infection

›Eosinophilia supports atopy but non-specific

›CRP

›Elevation supports inflammatory or infectious process

›Normal value does not exclude infection

›Basic metabolic panel

›Dehydration and renal function before antivirals

›Electrolytes if poor intake

Microbiology

›Bacterial testing when infection suspected

›Wound culture from honey crust or purulent drainage

›Targeted antibiotic selection

›MRSA risk assessment support

›Blood cultures if sepsis concern

›Hypotension

›Rigors

›Viral testing when eczema herpeticum suspected

›HSV PCR from lesion swab

›Confirmation for counseling and management

›Treatment should not wait for result

Allergy related testing deferred

›Allergy workup limitations

›Serum IgE non-specific

›Not flare-directing in acute care

›False positives common

›Patch testing outpatient pathway for contact dermatitis

›Persistent or recurrent localized pattern

›Suspected topical product triggers

06Diagnostic Tests/dt87

Scoring Systems

›Severity scoring use cases

›Outpatient monitoring and escalation decisions

›Baseline documentation

›Treatment response tracking

›Not required for acute bedside treatment initiation

›Clinical pattern sufficient

›Use if chronic severe course

›EASI Eczema Area and Severity Index

›Components

›Erythema

›Induration papulation

›Excoriation

›Lichenification

›Region weighting

›Head and neck

›Upper limbs

›Trunk

›Lower limbs

›SCORAD Scoring Atopic Dermatitis

›Extent assessment

›Body surface area

›Distribution

›Intensity features

›Erythema

›Edema papules

›Oozing crusts

›Excoriations

›Lichenification

›Dryness

›Subjective symptoms

›Pruritus

›Sleep loss

›POEM Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure

›Patient-reported symptom frequency

›Itch

›Sleep disturbance

›Primary care and outpatient monitoring fit

›Fast administration

›Tracks control over time

MRI

›MRI role

›Not indicated for routine eczema flare

›No diagnostic utility for superficial dermatitis

›Cost and availability limitations

›Consider only for suspected deep complication

›Osteomyelitis under chronic fissures or ulcers

›Deep soft tissue infection if equivocal exam

›MRI contraindications and limitations

›Time-sensitive infection management should not be delayed

›Necrotizing infection pathway supersedes imaging

›Antibiotics and surgical consultation prioritized

›Gadolinium considerations

›Renal dysfunction screening when contrast planned

›Alternative imaging if unstable

›CT role

›Not indicated for routine eczema flare

›Diagnosis clinical

›Radiation risk without benefit

›Indicated for suspected orbital cellulitis

›CT orbits with contrast if concern

›ENT and ophthalmology involvement

›Indicated for suspected necrotizing infection when stable

›CT affected region with contrast for gas or fascial changes

›Imaging should not delay operative management

›CT interpretation pearls

›Orbital cellulitis markers

›Postseptal involvement

›Abscess formation

›Necrotizing infection markers

›Fascial thickening

›Subcutaneous gas

Ultrasound

›Ultrasound role

›Not indicated for routine eczema flare

›Limited value for superficial dermatitis

›Use clinical morphology instead

›Useful for abscess evaluation

›POCUS to distinguish cellulitis versus abscess

›Guide drainage if indicated

›Useful for regional lymphadenitis

›Enlarged nodes with suppuration

›Helps escalation to imaging or drainage

›POCUS pearls

›Cellulitis pattern

›Cobblestoning

›No discrete fluid collection

›Abscess pattern

›Hypoechoic fluid collection

›Posterior acoustic enhancement

07Disposition/dispo36

Discharge versus admission

›Discharge criteria

›No systemic toxicity

›Afebrile or low-grade fever with alternative explanation

›Hemodynamic stability

›No concern for eczema herpeticum

›No widespread monomorphic vesicles

›No ocular symptoms

›No rapidly progressive bacterial infection

›No expanding tender erythema

›No severe pain out of proportion

›Ability to perform skin care plan

›Access to emollients

›Ability to apply topical therapy

›Admission criteria

›Suspected eczema herpeticum with systemic symptoms

›IV antiviral consideration

›Ophthalmology evaluation if facial involvement

›Extensive erythroderma

›Fluid and temperature dysregulation

›High infection risk

›Severe bacterial infection

›Cellulitis with systemic features

›Need for IV antibiotics

›Inability to maintain hydration or skin care

›Pediatric poor oral intake

›Care barriers and unsafe home context

Follow-up planning

›Outpatient follow-up targets

›Primary care within 3 to 7 days

›Response check

›Steroid taper plan if needed

›Dermatology referral triggers

›Moderate to severe recurrent flares

›Need for steroid-sparing therapy

›Allergy referral triggers

›Suspected allergic contact dermatitis

›Patch testing consideration

08Treatment/t175

Core flare regimen

›Barrier repair

›Emollients

›Ointment first-line during flare

›Apply at least twice daily

›Apply within 3 minutes of bathing

›Cream acceptable if ointment intolerable

›Fragrance-free preference

›Thick formulation preference

›Bathing and cleansing

›Short lukewarm baths

›5 to 10 minutes

›Daily acceptable if immediately moisturized

›Soap substitute or gentle cleanser

›Avoid fragrances

›Avoid harsh surfactants

›Anti-inflammatory topicals

›Topical corticosteroids general principles

›Potency by site and thickness

›Low potency for face intertriginous areas

›Medium potency for trunk and limbs

›High potency for thick plaques on palms and soles

›Course duration

›Typically 7 to 14 days for flare control

›Then step-down to lower potency or intermittent use

›Application amount guidance

›Fingertip unit approach

›Thin layer to active lesions only

›Low potency options

›Hydrocortisone 1 percent to 2.5 percent topical

›Once to twice daily

›Face and eyelids preferred site

›Desonide 0.05 percent topical

›Once to twice daily

›Face and folds option if needed

›Medium potency options

›Triamcinolone acetonide 0.1 percent topical

›Once to twice daily

›Trunk and extremities

›Mometasone furoate 0.1 percent topical

›Once daily

›Trunk and extremities

›High potency options

›Betamethasone dipropionate 0.05 percent topical

›Once to twice daily

›Thick plaques hands feet only

›Clobetasol propionate 0.05 percent topical

›Once to twice daily

›Avoid face and folds

›Limit short course and small areas

›Steroid-sparing topicals

›Topical calcineurin inhibitors

›Tacrolimus topical

›0.03 percent age 2 to 15 years

›0.1 percent age 16 years and older

›Twice daily

›Face and eyelids preferred steroid-sparing option

›Pimecrolimus 1 percent topical

›Twice daily

›Mild to moderate face and folds

›Burning and stinging counseling

›Most common first week

›Improves with continued use

›Crisaborole 2 percent topical

›Twice daily

›Mild to moderate atopic dermatitis

›Ruxolitinib 1.5 percent topical

›Twice daily

›Short-term and non-immunocompromised preference

›Avoid extensive body surface area application

›Adjunctive techniques

›Wet wrap therapy

›Medium potency topical steroid to active areas

›Then emollient over top

›Avoid high potency on large areas

›Damp layer then dry layer

›1 to 2 hours or overnight

›Short course 2 to 5 days

›Monitoring for skin infection

›Increased warmth and tenderness

›New pustules

›Itch control

›Non-sedating antihistamine for comorbid allergic rhinitis

›Cetirizine oral 10 mg daily age 12 years and older

›Cetirizine oral 0.25 mg per kg daily age 2 to 11 years

›Sedating antihistamine for severe nocturnal sleep disruption

›Hydroxyzine oral 0.5 mg per kg at bedtime

›Maximum 25 mg at bedtime age under 6 years

›Maximum 50 mg at bedtime age 6 years and older

›Avoid with daytime safety-critical activities

›Evidence levels and recommendations mapping

›Topical corticosteroids first-line for acute flare control

›Class I recommendation consensus in dermatology practice

›ACEP Level C extrapolated for ED symptom control

›Regular emollient use reduces flare frequency and improves barrier function

›Class I recommendation consensus

›ACEP Level C extrapolated

›Topical calcineurin inhibitors effective steroid-sparing for sensitive sites

›Class IIa recommendation consensus

›ACEP Level C extrapolated

Infection management

›Impetiginized eczema

›Localized infection

›Mupirocin 2 percent topical

›Three times daily

›5 days

›Continue anti-inflammatory therapy

›Appropriate topical steroid to eczema areas

›Emollients

›Extensive infection or systemic symptoms

›Oral antibiotics targeting staph and strep per local resistance

›Cephalexin oral 25 to 50 mg per kg per day divided every 6 to 8 hours

›Maximum 500 mg per dose

›MRSA risk or beta-lactam allergy

›Doxycycline oral 100 mg twice daily age 8 years and older

›Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole oral dosing by TMP 8 to 12 mg per kg per day divided twice daily

›Culture guidance

›If recurrent or treatment failure, wound culture

›Tailor antibiotic to susceptibility

›Eczema herpeticum

›Outpatient mild disease and reliable follow-up

›Acyclovir oral 20 mg per kg per dose four times daily

›Maximum 800 mg per dose

›7 to 10 days

›Valacyclovir oral age 12 years and older

›1000 mg three times daily

›7 to 10 days

›Severe disease or immunocompromise or systemic symptoms

›Initiate IV acyclovir 10 mg per kg every 8 hours

›Renal dosing adjustment if impaired function

›Hydration to reduce nephrotoxicity risk

›Ophthalmology if facial or eyelid involvement

›Keratitis screening

›Vision-threatening complication prevention

›Decolonization for recurrent infections

›Bleach baths

›Dilute sodium hypochlorite bath 1 to 2 times weekly

›Avoid if skin severely fissured and intolerant

›Intranasal mupirocin intermittent regimen

›Recurrent staph infection history

›Coordinate with primary care dermatology plan

Systemic therapy considerations

›Systemic corticosteroids

›Avoid routine use

›Rebound flare risk

›Infection risk

›Short course only for severe flare as bridge to definitive therapy

›Prednisone oral 0.5 mg per kg per day

›Typical maximum 50 mg daily

›Short duration 3 to 7 days with rapid taper plan

›Dermatology follow-up required

›Transition to topical optimized regimen

›Consider steroid-sparing escalation

›Referral-based systemic options for recurrent severe disease

›Biologics

›Dupilumab

›Indicated for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis

›Conjunctivitis monitoring

›Tralokinumab

›IL-13 targeted option adult pathways

›Specialist initiation

›Oral JAK inhibitors

›Upadacitinib

›Infection and thrombosis risk counseling

›Lab monitoring requirements

›Abrocitinib

›Specialist initiation and monitoring

›Drug interaction screening

›Traditional immunosuppressants

›Cyclosporine

›Blood pressure and renal monitoring

›Short-term rescue under specialist care

›Methotrexate

›Delayed onset

›Hepatic monitoring

›Azathioprine

›TPMT considerations

›Blood count monitoring

09Special Populations/sp39

Pregnancy

›Pregnancy considerations

›Preferred topical approach

›Emollients liberal use

›Low to medium potency topical corticosteroids

›Potency cautions

›Avoid prolonged high potency on large surface area

›Minimize occlusion with potent steroids

›Steroid-sparing options

›Tacrolimus topical limited systemic absorption

›Use when benefits outweigh risks

›Infection vigilance

›Eczema herpeticum risk not reduced

›Early antiviral initiation if suspected

Geriatric

›Older adult considerations

›Xerosis contribution

›Higher emollient needs

›Gentle cleansing emphasis

›Skin fragility

›Lower potency preference on thin skin

›Monitor for steroid-induced atrophy

›Mimics prevalence

›Stasis dermatitis

›Drug eruption

›Polypharmacy interactions

›Sedating antihistamine fall risk

›Systemic steroid adverse effects amplified

Pediatrics

›Pediatric considerations

›Weight-based dosing for systemic agents

›Antihistamines and antivirals

›Antibiotics

›Site-sensitive potency selection

›Face and diaper area low potency only

›Avoid high potency unless specialist guided

›Wet wrap therapy utility

›Rapid flare control

›Caregiver instruction critical

›Growth and adrenal suppression risk

›Avoid prolonged potent steroid use

›Use intermittent maintenance approach

10Background/b36

Epidemiology

›Epidemiology

›Atopic dermatitis prevalence

›Common in children

›Substantial persistence into adulthood

›Flare pattern

›Relapsing remitting course

›Seasonal worsening common

›Infection associations

›Staphylococcus aureus colonization common

›Increased HSV complication risk

Pathophysiology

›Pathophysiology

›Skin barrier dysfunction

›Filaggrin related impairment in subset

›Increased transepidermal water loss

›Immune dysregulation

›Type 2 cytokines IL-4 IL-13

›Reduced antimicrobial peptides

›Microbiome changes

›Reduced diversity during flares

›Staph predominance during active disease

›Neuroimmune itch pathways

›Scratching worsens inflammation

›Sleep disturbance amplifies symptoms

Therapeutic Considerations

›Therapeutic rationale

›Emollients restore barrier and reduce itch

›Decrease irritant penetration

›Improve steroid responsiveness

›Topical corticosteroids suppress cutaneous inflammation

›Potency selection balances efficacy and adverse effects

›Intermittent maintenance reduces relapse

›Calcineurin inhibitors for sensitive sites

›Avoid steroid atrophy risk

›Useful for long-term control

›Infection management prevents escalation

›Treat impetigo to reduce flare persistence

›Early antiviral in eczema herpeticum prevents complications

11Patient Discharge Instructions/pdi40

copy discharge instructions

›Home plan

›Moisturizer ointment

›Apply at least twice daily

›Apply after bathing within 3 minutes

›Topical anti-inflammatory

›Apply only to red itchy inflamed areas

›Stop when flare controlled then use only as needed

›Bathing

›Short lukewarm baths or showers

›Gentle fragrance-free cleanser

›Trigger avoidance

›Avoid fragrances and new skin products

›Avoid hot showers and harsh soaps

›Wear soft breathable fabrics

›Itch control

›Keep nails short

›Cool compresses for itch

›Return now or seek urgent care if

›Fever or feeling very unwell

›Shaking chills

›Dizziness or fainting

›Rapidly spreading redness or swelling

›Increasing pain

›Warmth and tenderness spreading

›Pus or large areas of yellow crusting

›New boils

›Red streaks

›Blisters or punched-out sores

›Rapid spread

›Eye pain or vision changes

›Mouth or eye sores

›Trouble swallowing

›Severe skin pain

›Follow-up

›Primary care in 3 to 7 days

›Recheck skin response

›Adjust potency plan

›Dermatology referral if frequent flares

›Steroid-sparing plan

›Evaluation for systemic options

12References/r20

Guidelines and evidence sources

›Clinical guidelines

›American Academy of Dermatology clinical practice guidelines for atopic dermatitis topical therapies

›Topical corticosteroids

›Topical calcineurin inhibitors

›American Academy of Dermatology clinical practice guidelines for atopic dermatitis systemic therapies

›Biologics

›JAK inhibitors

›NICE guideline atopic eczema in under 12s and eczema management principles

›Emollient first-line

›Potency matching by site

›Evidence and review sources

›Standard dermatology references for eczema herpeticum management

›Early acyclovir therapy

›Ophthalmology involvement with facial disease

›Evidence syntheses on wet wrap therapy for acute flares

›Short-term efficacy

›Infection monitoring

›Evidence on staphylococcal colonization and superinfection in atopic dermatitis

›Impetiginization features

›Targeted antimicrobial use

Evidence & Review

Reviewed by SymptomDx Medical Team · Last reviewed June 16, 2026

SymptomDx is an educational tool for medical professionals. It does not replace clinical judgment. Verify all clinical data and drug dosages with authoritative sources.