01Approach to the Critical Patient/attcp32

Time-critical priorities

›Orthopedic emergency — reduction target within 6 hours of injury

›Reduction within 6 hours: 88% excellent/good outcomes

›Reduction after 6 hours: only 42% excellent/good outcomes

›AVN risk increases significantly beyond 6 hours (OR 5.6 beyond 12 hours)

›Initiate procedural sedation preparation immediately upon diagnosis

›Polytrauma exclusion

›ATLS primary survey: airway, breathing, circulation, disability, exposure

›Hemodynamic instability suggests concurrent pelvic, abdominal, or vascular injury

›If hemodynamically unstable, activate trauma team before reduction attempt

›Spine precautions until cleared if mechanism warrants

Neurovascular assessment

›Pre-reduction neurovascular status documentation

›Sciatic nerve: ankle dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, dorsal foot sensation

›Peroneal division most commonly affected (65% of sciatic injuries are isolated peroneal)

›Posterior tibial pulse, dorsalis pedis pulse

›Capillary refill distal extremity

›Post-reduction neurovascular exam mandatory and documented

›Alarm findings requiring immediate escalation

›Absent distal pulses — vascular surgery consult

›Open dislocation — operative emergency, OR activation

›Suspected femoral neck fracture — CT before reduction to avoid iatrogenic displacement

›Failed closed reduction after 2 attempts — operative intervention

Reduction approach

›Closed reduction in ED

›Procedural sedation required — propofol preferred (79% vs 36% success vs fentanyl/midazolam)

›Fentanyl/midazolam associated with 6.4x odds of failed reduction

›Ketamine as alternative in hemodynamically unstable patients

02History/hx36

Mechanism and presentation

›Classic mechanism

›Dashboard injury: axial force through flexed knee during MVC

›Hip flexed and adducted at time of impact maximizes posterior dislocation risk

›Falls from height, sports collisions, pedestrian struck

›Accounts for approximately 90% of all traumatic hip dislocations

›Timing

›Time of injury — critical for reduction planning (6-hour window)

›Time elapsed since injury before ED presentation

›Position of limb at time of impact

›Ability to bear weight since injury

Symptoms

›Core symptoms

›Severe hip, groin, and buttock pain

›Complete inability to move the leg

›Leg feels "stuck" in fixed position

›Neurologic symptoms

›Numbness or tingling in foot (dorsal distribution — peroneal nerve)

›Foot drop or weakness of dorsiflexion

›Sciatic nerve injury occurs in up to 27.5% of posterior dislocations

›Associated injury symptoms

›Ipsilateral knee pain — concurrent PCL or meniscal injury in ~29% of cases

›Back pain suggesting lumbar spine injury

›Abdominal pain in polytrauma context

Risk factors and prior history

›Predisposing factors

›Prior hip dislocation (recurrence rate ~3%)

›Prior hip surgery or prosthetic hip (lower energy threshold for dislocation)

03Physical Exam/exam42

Classic presentation

›Limb position

›Leg shortened, flexed, adducted, and internally rotated

›Opposite of femoral neck fracture (which presents externally rotated)

›Fixed deformity — any attempted range of motion causes severe pain

›Palpable femoral head as posterior prominence in buttock region

›Vitals assessment

›Heart rate: tachycardia from pain or hemorrhage

›Blood pressure: hypotension suggests polytrauma hemorrhage

›Oxygen saturation: baseline

›If hemodynamically unstable, activate trauma protocol before reduction

Neurovascular exam

›Sciatic nerve assessment

›Ankle dorsiflexion (peroneal division, L4-5)

›Ankle plantarflexion (tibial division, S1)

›Dorsal foot sensation (peroneal distribution)

›Plantar foot sensation (tibial distribution)

›Peroneal division most commonly injured: foot drop is the sentinel finding

›Vascular assessment

›Dorsalis pedis pulse

›Posterior tibial pulse

›Capillary refill less than 2 seconds

›Skin temperature and color of distal extremity

›Compare to contralateral limb

Ipsilateral knee and associated injuries

›Knee examination

›Joint effusion (hemarthrosis from PCL, meniscal injury)

›Posterior drawer test for PCL integrity when pain permits

04Differential Diagnosis/ddx39

Life-threatening mimics

›Femoral neck fracture

›ICD-10 S72.0

›Leg shortened and externally rotated (opposite pattern from posterior dislocation)

›Radiograph differentiates; avoid frog-leg lateral

›Critical to exclude before reduction attempt

›Pelvic ring fracture

›ICD-10 S32.8

›Hemodynamic instability more pronounced

›Pelvic instability on compression

›Associated retroperitoneal hemorrhage

Musculoskeletal differentials

›Anterior hip dislocation

›ICD-10 S73.00

›Leg in abduction, external rotation, and extension

›Femoral head palpable anteriorly in femoral triangle

›Accounts for approximately 10% of traumatic hip dislocations

›Acetabular fracture without dislocation

›ICD-10 S32.4

›Pain with range of motion but no fixed deformity

›CT is definitive

›Intertrochanteric fracture

›ICD-10 S72.1

›Shortened and externally rotated

›Radiograph differentiates

›Femoral head fracture (Pipkin)

›ICD-10 S72.06

›Coexists with posterior dislocation in up to 40% of cases

05Laboratory Tests/lt31

Pre-procedural labs

›Type and screen

›Required if operative intervention anticipated or polytrauma

›Extended type and crossmatch if significant hemorrhage

›IgG antibody screen for transfusion planning

›Complete blood count

›Baseline hemoglobin and hematocrit

›Leukocytosis if infection or inflammatory concern

›Platelet count for sedation risk stratification

›Basic metabolic panel

›Renal function for contrast decision if CT with IV contrast anticipated

›Electrolyte baseline for sedation safety

›Glucose for perioperative management

Hemodynamic labs

›Lactate

›Elevation >= 2 mmol/l suggests tissue hypoperfusion from hemorrhage or shock

›Repeat within 2 hours if elevated after resuscitation

›Arterial blood gas

›PaO2 mmHg if respiratory compromise

›PaCO2 mmHg if ventilation failure concern

›pH for acid-base status in polytrauma

›Coagulation studies

›INR and aPTT if anticoagulated or massive hemorrhage suspected

›Fibrinogen if disseminated intravascular coagulation concern

Additional labs by indication

›Urinalysis

›Hematuria suggests concurrent urethral or bladder injury

›Obtain if pelvic injury mechanism

06Diagnostic Tests/dt63

Scoring Systems

›Thompson-Epstein classification of posterior dislocations

›Type I: simple dislocation, no significant fracture

›Type II: dislocation with small posterior wall fragment

›Type III: dislocation with large posterior wall fragment

›Type IV: dislocation with acetabular floor fracture

›Type V: dislocation with femoral head fracture

›Higher types require operative fixation and orthopedic admission

›Pipkin classification of femoral head fractures with posterior dislocation

›Type I: fracture below fovea (infra-foveal, usually stable)

›Type II: fracture above fovea (supra-foveal, involves weight-bearing surface)

›Type III: Type I or II with associated femoral neck fracture (highest AVN risk)

›Type IV: Type I or II with associated acetabular fracture

›Pipkin Type III and IV require urgent operative planning

›Prognostic reference

›Reduction timing: 88% excellent/good outcomes if reduced within 6 hours

›Reduction timing: 42% excellent/good outcomes if reduced after 6 hours

›AVN rate: ~5% isolated dislocation, up to 35% with associated fracture-dislocation

MRI

›MRI pelvis indications

›Detection of avascular necrosis (AVN) of femoral head at 4-6 weeks post-injury

›Sensitivity for AVN higher than plain radiograph in early stages

›Follow-up MRI recommended at 4-6 weeks and again at 6-12 months

›Additional MRI findings

›Labral tears and ligamentum teres injury characterization

›Chondral lesions of femoral head and acetabulum

›Soft tissue injury including capsular tears

›Bone marrow edema as marker of impact severity

›Pediatric MRI role

›Preferred imaging modality in children and adolescents to avoid radiation

›Reliable and accurate for assessment of posterior hip dislocation in pediatric population

›Triradiate cartilage assessment

›MRI sensitivity and accuracy superior to CT for physeal and cartilaginous injury in this age group

›MRI limitations

›Not appropriate in acute unstable patient

›Delays reduction if obtained pre-reduction in straightforward cases

›Metal implants from prior hardware may preclude or degrade study

CT

›Pre-reduction CT indications

›Suspected femoral neck fracture on plain radiograph — CT before reduction

›Clinical suspicion of complex fracture-dislocation that would alter reduction strategy

›Not routine if simple posterior dislocation identified and femoral neck intact

›Post-reduction CT (recommended for all)

›Intra-articular fragment detection: sensitivity 87.3% for fragments on CT

›Joint congruence assessment — concentricity of reduction

›Acetabular wall and floor fracture characterization

›Femoral head fracture Pipkin classification

›CT without contrast is standard post-reduction imaging

›CT protocol considerations

›Pelvis CT with 1-2 mm axial slices for fragment detection

›Coronal and sagittal reconstructions for acetabular morphology

›If polytrauma: CT abdomen-pelvis with IV contrast (trauma protocol)

›Renal function and contrast allergy pre-assessment

Ultrasound

›Point-of-care ultrasound for reduction confirmation

›Linear or curvilinear probe over anterior hip joint

›Femoral head position relative to acetabulum confirmed at bedside

›Useful adjunct when immediate post-reduction radiograph delayed

›Does not replace formal radiograph or CT post-reduction

›POCUS for procedural assessment

›Confirmation of concentric reduction before patient movement

›Dynamic assessment during gentle range of motion post-reduction

›Operator-dependent limitation

›POCUS in polytrauma (FAST exam)

›Pericardial, hepato-renal, spleno-renal, pelvic windows

›Free fluid identification to guide trauma activation

›Not specific for hip dislocation but critical in concurrent polytrauma evaluation

07Disposition/dispo33

Admission criteria

›Indications for inpatient admission

›Associated femoral head fracture (Pipkin Type I-IV)

›Associated acetabular wall or floor fracture (Thompson-Epstein Type II-V)

›Failed closed reduction requiring operative intervention

›Non-concentric reduction on post-reduction CT with intra-articular fragment

›Sciatic nerve injury with neurologic deficit

›Open dislocation

›Polytrauma or hemodynamic instability

›Inadequate pain control precluding safe discharge

›Operative indications requiring urgent OR

›Failed closed reduction (irreducible dislocation)

›Open dislocation

›Associated femoral neck fracture (Pipkin Type III)

›Intra-articular fragments preventing concentric reduction on CT

›Vascular compromise requiring repair

Observation and short-stay criteria

›Suitable for observation unit

›Simple posterior dislocation (Thompson-Epstein Type I)

›Successful concentric closed reduction confirmed on CT

›Intact neurovascular exam post-reduction

›Adequate pain control achieved

›Orthopedic consultation completed and follow-up arranged

›No operative indication identified on post-reduction imaging

Discharge criteria

›Discharge from ED possible for select simple dislocations

›Isolated Type I dislocation with confirmed concentric reduction

›Neurovascularly intact pre- and post-reduction

08Treatment/t82

Procedural sedation

›Pre-sedation preparation

›NPO status and last oral intake

›IV access, supplemental oxygen, continuous cardiac monitoring, pulse oximetry

›Airway equipment and rescue medications at bedside

›Baseline vital signs documentation

›Pre-reduction neurovascular documentation completed

›Propofol sedation (preferred agent)

›1-2 mg/kg IV push for induction

›Titrate to loss of verbal contact

›Onset within 30-60 seconds

›Maintenance boluses 0.5 mg/kg IV as needed

›Duration of effect 5-10 minutes per bolus

›Respiratory depression and apnea monitoring required

›Success rate 79% vs 36% with fentanyl/midazolam combination

›Avoid in severe cardiovascular compromise

›Ketamine sedation (alternative)

›1-2 mg/kg IV over 1-2 minutes or 4-6 mg/kg IM

›Onset IV 1-2 minutes, IM 3-5 minutes

›Duration 15-30 minutes

›Preferred in hemodynamically unstable patients

›Emergence phenomena: consider midazolam 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV adjunct

›Laryngospasm risk: airway management equipment at bedside

›Fentanyl and midazolam (last choice for reduction)

›Fentanyl 1-2 mcg/kg IV with midazolam 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV

›6.4x increased odds of failed reduction compared to propofol

›Prolonged time to reduction

›Reserve for patients with propofol and ketamine contraindications

›General anesthesia with paralysis

›If dislocation greater than 6 hours duration and procedural sedation fails

›Requires anesthesia team and operative suite or hybrid room

Reduction techniques

›Captain Morgan technique (highest reported success rate 92%)

›Patient supine, physician stands on gurney

›Physician places knee behind patient's flexed knee (at 90 degrees)

›Hip flexed to 90 degrees, foot flat on gurney

›Physician lifts heel upward with calf leverage while assistant stabilizes pelvis

›Gentle internal and external rotation to disengage femoral head

›Allis maneuver

›Patient supine, assistant stabilizes pelvis to gurney

›Physician stands over patient, applies inline traction with hip flexed to 90 degrees

›Gentle adduction and internal rotation while lifting

›Success rate 60-80% reported

›Stimson gravity technique

›Patient prone with affected leg hanging off edge of gurney

›Physician applies steady downward pressure on calf and popliteal fossa

›Hip and knee in 90 degrees flexion

›Gravity-assisted reduction; less force required

›Whistler technique

›Physician supine on gurney beside patient

›Physician places arm under patient's knee as fulcrum and lifts with elbow

›Single-physician technique when assistant unavailable

›Reduction endpoint

›Palpable and audible clunk confirms reduction

›Leg returns to neutral position

›Immediate post-reduction neurovascular exam

›Confirm with radiograph or bedside POCUS before moving patient

Post-reduction management

›Imaging post-reduction

›AP pelvis radiograph to confirm gross reduction

›Cross-table lateral view (never frog-leg lateral)

›CT pelvis without contrast to assess concentricity and intra-articular fragments

›Analgesia

›Acetaminophen 650-1000 mg PO/IV every 6-8 hours

›NSAID: ibuprofen 600 mg PO every 8 hours if no contraindication

›Opioid analgesia for breakthrough pain: oxycodone 5-10 mg PO every 4-6 hours as needed

›Ice and elevation of limb

›Weight-bearing restrictions

›Toe-touch weight-bearing (TTWB) with crutches for 2-6 weeks

›Progression per orthopedic surgeon guidance based on fracture pattern

›No hip flexion beyond 90 degrees, no internal rotation for 6 weeks (standard precautions)

›DVT prophylaxis

›Enoxaparin 40 mg SC daily for non-weight-bearing patients

›Renal dose adjustment if CrCl < 30 ml/min: enoxaparin 20 mg SC daily

›Continue until full weight-bearing or orthopedic direction

›Low-molecular-weight heparin preferred over unfractionated heparin

Failed reduction and operative management

›Indications for operative intervention

›Failed closed reduction after 2 attempts with adequate sedation

›Intra-articular fragment preventing concentric reduction

›Buttonholing of femoral head through capsule

›Associated fractures requiring fixation

›Surgical approaches

›Open reduction through posterior (Kocher-Langenbeck) approach most common

›Anterior (ilioinguinal or Smith-Petersen) approach for selected anterior pathology

›Arthroscopic removal of intra-articular fragments after concentric closed reduction in select cases

09Special Populations/sp65

Pregnancy

›Physiologic considerations

›Ligamentous laxity from relaxin increases joint hypermobility

›Symphysis pubis and sacroiliac joints widened in third trimester

›Altered center of gravity increases fall risk

›Expanded blood volume may mask hemorrhagic shock

›Imaging approach

›AP pelvis radiograph with appropriate fetal shielding when clinically indicated

›CT pelvis with uterine shielding if post-reduction assessment required

›MRI preferred for follow-up AVN assessment — no ionizing radiation

›Radiograph and CT radiation risk does not preclude use when clinically necessary

›Sedation considerations

›Propofol category B/C — use with caution, airway support ready

›Ketamine category B — considered safer alternative in second and third trimester

›Avoid benzodiazepines in first trimester (teratogenicity concern)

›Left lateral uterine displacement if supine positioning required

›Fetal monitoring by obstetrics when gestation is viable (>24 weeks)

›Analgesia

›Acetaminophen: safe in all trimesters

›NSAIDs: avoid after 20 weeks (risk of premature ductus arteriosus closure)

›Opioids: short-term use acceptable with informed consent; neonatal opioid withdrawal risk

Geriatric

›Altered fracture pattern considerations

›Lower-energy mechanisms sufficient for dislocation in osteoporotic bone

›Associated femoral neck fracture more common in elderly (osteopenia)

›Pre-existing total hip arthroplasty — prosthetic dislocation managed differently

›Periprosthetic fracture risk must be excluded radiographically

›Sedation risk modification

›Reduced hepatic and renal drug clearance — lower starting doses

›Propofol: 0.5-1 mg/kg IV for induction (reduced dose)

›Ketamine: 0.5-1 mg/kg IV (reduced dose), monitor for emergence delirium

›Prolonged sedation recovery time common

›Baseline cognitive impairment may complicate post-procedural assessment

›Comorbidity considerations

›Anticoagulant use (warfarin, DOACs) — DVT prophylaxis overlap

›Cardiac disease: ECG baseline, antihypertensive management, aspirin continuation

›Renal impairment: contrast and LMWH dose adjustment

›Polypharmacy: drug interaction review with sedation agents

›Disposition bias

›Lower threshold for inpatient admission due to functional status

›Physical therapy assessment before discharge

›Social support requirements: home supports, rehabilitation placement

›Fall risk assessment and prevention counseling

Pediatrics

›Age-specific epidemiology

›Rare under age 5 — hip joint stability from cartilaginous acetabulum

›Most common ages 4-14 years

›Lower energy mechanisms sufficient in children (acetabular retroversion, laxity)

›SCFE must be excluded in adolescents before reduction attempt

›Unique injury patterns

›Greater femoral head vascularity in younger children — lower AVN risk

›AVN rate lower in children under 6 years (3%) vs older children (15-25%)

›Triradiate cartilage injury may be missed on plain radiograph

›Physeal fractures common — Salter-Harris classification applies

›Reduction approach in children

›General anesthesia preferred over procedural sedation in young children

›Ketamine 1-2 mg/kg IV or 4-6 mg/kg IM is acceptable alternative

›Same reduction techniques as adults; smaller body size facilitates reduction

›Require orthopedic consultation before any reduction attempt

›Imaging considerations

›MRI preferred over CT in children to avoid radiation

›MRI reliable and accurate for posterior hip dislocation assessment in pediatric patients

›Ultrasound can confirm reduction in infants and young children at bedside

›Post-reduction CT acceptable if MRI not available and intra-articular fragment suspected

›Follow-up requirements

›Closer AVN surveillance: MRI at 4-6 weeks and 3-6 months

›Growth disturbance monitoring in skeletally immature

›Non-weight-bearing 3-6 weeks then progressive loading per orthopedic guidance

10Background/b58

Epidemiology

›Incidence and demographics

›Posterior dislocations account for approximately 90% of all traumatic hip dislocations

›Anterior dislocations account for approximately 10%

›Mean age of affected patients approximately 43 years

›Males disproportionately affected due to higher-energy trauma exposure

›Mechanisms and settings

›Motor vehicle collisions predominate (dashboard mechanism in most)

›Sports-related dislocations most common in contact and collision athletes

›Recurrence rate approximately 3% for native hip dislocations

›Athletes: 33% return to pre-injury sports level, 25% do not return to work

›Complications and outcomes

›AVN rate approximately 5% for isolated simple dislocations

›AVN rate up to 35% with associated acetabular fracture-dislocations

›Post-traumatic osteoarthritis develops in approximately 32% at intermediate follow-up

›Total hip arthroplasty required in approximately 19% at longer-term follow-up

›Sciatic nerve injury in up to 27.5% — predominantly peroneal division

›Concurrent ipsilateral knee injury (PCL, meniscus) in approximately 29%

Pathophysiology

›Anatomic mechanism of dislocation

›Hip flexed and adducted at time of impact — positions femoral head against posterior capsule

›Axial loading force transmitted through knee and femoral shaft

›Posterior capsule and labrum rupture under extreme load

›Femoral head exits posteriorly, may shear acetabular wall

›Iliofemoral and ischiofemoral ligaments are typically disrupted

›Vascular anatomy and AVN mechanism

›Medial femoral circumflex artery (MFCA) is the primary blood supply to femoral head

›MFCA runs along the posterior femoral neck — at risk during posterior dislocation

›Prolonged dislocation causes vascular occlusion from stretch and compression

›Restoration of blood flow is time-dependent: 6-hour window is critical

›Retinacular vessels also at risk, particularly with associated neck fracture

›Nerve injury mechanism

›Sciatic nerve exits below piriformis into gluteal region

›Posteriorly displaced femoral head compresses or stretches sciatic trunk

›Peroneal division is more susceptible to stretch injury (tethered by fibular head)

›Neuropraxia most common (recovers in weeks to months); axonotmesis less common

›Associated injury mechanisms

›Acetabular posterior wall fracture: shear force as femoral head exits

›Femoral head fracture: impaction against acetabular rim during dislocation (Pipkin types)

›PCL injury: dashboard mechanism transmits force across knee joint simultaneously

Therapeutic Considerations

›Timing as primary determinant of outcome

›6-hour window from injury to reduction is the critical threshold

›Reduction within 6 hours: 88% excellent/good outcomes

›Reduction after 6 hours: 42% excellent/good outcomes

›Do not delay for CT imaging unless femoral neck fracture suspected

›Sedation selection principles

›Propofol produces deeper sedation and greater muscle relaxation, facilitating reduction

›Muscle relaxation is the key determinant of reduction success

›General anesthesia with paralysis for delayed presentations or failed ED reduction

›Adequate sedation prevents forceful manipulation and secondary fracture

›Post-reduction CT as standard of care

›CT sensitivity for intra-articular fragments is 87.3%

›Fragments not removed cause progressive chondral damage and arthritis

›Failure to identify fragments risks premature weight-bearing on incongruent joint

›ACR Appropriateness Criteria (2024) support post-reduction CT as usually appropriate

›Long-term surveillance requirement

›AVN may not be radiographically apparent for 2-3 years post-injury

›MRI at 4-6 weeks and 6-12 months detects pre-radiographic AVN

›Minimum 2-year follow-up period recommended

›Early AVN detection enables hip preservation strategies before collapse

11Patient Discharge Instructions/pdi31

copy discharge instructions

›Your diagnosis and what happened

›Your hip was dislocated — the ball came out of the hip socket

›The hip has been put back into place in the emergency department

›An X-ray and CT scan confirmed the hip is back in the correct position

›Activity restrictions

›No weight-bearing on the affected leg — use crutches at all times

›Do not bend your hip more than 90 degrees (do not lift your knee above your waist)

›Do not cross your legs or turn your foot inward

›These restrictions are in place for 4-6 weeks or until told otherwise by your bone specialist

›Medications

›Take pain medications as prescribed

›Take anti-clotting medication (blood thinner) as prescribed — this prevents dangerous blood clots while you cannot walk normally

›Do not stop either medication without speaking to your doctor first

›Follow-up appointments

›Bone specialist (orthopedic surgeon) appointment within 1-2 weeks — this is mandatory

›MRI of the hip at 4-6 weeks after injury to check blood supply to the ball of the hip

›Long-term follow-up is needed for at least 2 years to watch for complications

›Warning signs — return to the emergency department immediately if

›Sudden increase in hip pain

›Sensation that the hip has "given way" or dislocated again

›New numbness, tingling, or weakness in your leg or foot

›Foot drop or difficulty lifting your foot

›Swelling, redness, warmth, or pain in your calf (possible blood clot)

›Shortness of breath or chest pain (possible pulmonary embolism)

›Fever over 38.5 C (101.3 F) — possible infection

›Skin changes over the hip (redness, wound breakdown if surgery performed)

›Long-term outlook

12References/r19

Guidelines and key sources

›Primary clinical guidelines

›ACR Appropriateness Criteria: Acute Hip Pain — 2024 Update (Bartolotta et al., JACR 2025)

›ACEP Clinical Policy considerations for procedural sedation in the emergency department

›ATLS (Advanced Trauma Life Support) protocol for polytrauma management

›Landmark studies and systematic reviews

›Kellam P, Ostrum RF — Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Avascular Necrosis and Post-traumatic Arthritis After Traumatic Hip Dislocation (Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, 2016)

›Benedick A et al. — Traumatic Hip Dislocation: Pediatric and Adult Evaluation and Management (JAAOS, 2024)

›Foulk DM, Mullis BH — Hip Dislocation: Evaluation and Management (JAAOS, 2010)

›Lurie BM et al. — Comparing Propofol With Fentanyl and Midazolam for Sedation in Closed Reductions of Traumatic Hip Dislocations (Orthopedics, 2022)

›Gottlieb M — Hip Dislocations in the Emergency Department: A Review of Reduction Techniques (Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2018)

›Reduction technique sources

›Hendey GW, Avila A — Captain Morgan Technique for the Reduction of the Dislocated Hip (Annals of Emergency Medicine, 2011)

›Dan M et al. — Rocket Launcher: A Novel Reduction Technique for Posterior Hip Dislocations and Review of Current Literature (EMA, 2015)

›Bommiasamy AK et al. — Conscious Sedation Versus Rapid Sequence Intubation for the Reduction of Native Traumatic Hip Dislocation (American Journal of Surgery, 2018)

›Coding reference

›ICD-10 S73.01 — posterior dislocation of hip

›ICD-10 S72.0 — femoral neck fracture (differential)

›ICD-10 S32.4 — acetabular fracture (associated injury)

›SNOMED CT concept: traumatic dislocation of hip joint

Evidence & Review

Evidence & Review